Clowns and Jesters
The history of clowns has been an integral part of our society since ancient Egyptian times but the roots of the modern clown lie in the harlequinades of the Commedia dell'arte of 17th Century Italy. Their role evolved into the innocent clumsy clown we know today, with the exaggerated big shoes and makeup, colourful wigs and crazy costumes that are familiar to all of us.
Court Jesters (Jesters, Jokers, Fools) in Europe trace their origins back to Medieval times and were employed by the Monarch and Nobility to entertain guests with songs, music and storytelling etc.
Jesters were given special license which allowed them to mock guests without being punished. The 'Jesters cap' with the three bells mirrors the Monarch's royal crown and the power it represents.
The Jesters were purged from society under Oliver Cromwell after the execution of King Charles 1st in 1649 and their role wasn't reintroduced at Court under the Restoration of Charles 2nd. Jesters similarly faded out across Europe. They found a new role in the theatre and variety shows of Georgian England and passed into folk traditions such as 'Punch and Judy'.